Apush Chapter 10 Flashcards | Quizlet Fred C. Elliott, and The Civil War (1861-65) dramatically changed the state's agricultural labor force by freeing thousands of enslaved laborers, but cotton continued to be the main crop in many parts of Georgia. Most impressively of all, "New England mills consumed 283.7 million pounds of cotton, or 67 percent of the 422.6 million pounds of cotton used by U.S. mills in 1860." Are you interested in testing our business solutions? Published by the Texas State Historical Association. Southern black cotton farmers faced discrimination and strikes often broke out by black cotton farmers. Mississippi attracted investors as well as residents. It may be sent to United States Department of Agriculture classing offices in various parts of the state. This socially enforced debt peonage, known as the crop-lien system, began after the Civil War and continued in practice until the 1930s. Fred C. Elliott, Farmers used calcium arsenate dust and other pesticides to reduce the damage from boll weevils and such pests as the pink bollworm. The Role of the Yankee in the Old South. The cotton market supported Americas ability to borrow money from abroad. Indeed, the production of cotton brought the South more firmly into the larger American and Atlantic markets. Fortunately for Americans whose wealth depended upon the exploitation of slave labor, a fall in the price of tobacco had caused landowners in the Upper South to reduce their production of this crop and use more of their land to grow wheat, which was far more profitable. Cotton planting took place in March and April, when slaves planted seeds in rows around three to five feet apart. Indeed, the number of southern cotton bales exported to Europe dropped from 3 million bales in 1860 to mere thousands. ", Musoke, Moses S. and Alan L. Olmstead. Those who sold their slaves could realize great profits, as could the slave brokers who served as middlemen between sellers and buyers. ", History of agriculture in the United States, "National Cotton Council of America Rankings", "Ranking of States That Produce the Most Cotton", "Leading destinations of U.S. cotton textile exports", Xiuzhi Wang, Edward A. Evans, and Fredy H. Ballen, "Overview of US Agricultural Trade with China", "USDA/NASS 2020 State Agriculture Overview for South Carolina", "Cotton in a Global Economy: Mississippi (1800-1860)", "Missouri Cotton Facts - Missouri Crop Resource Guide", "Crops - Planted, Harvested, Yield, Production, Price (MYA), Value of Production Sorted by Value of Production in Dollars", Missouri Cotton Facts.
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