why did quanah parker surrender

Capturing 130 Indian women and children, stealing horses, and ransacking Indian camps, Mackenzie and the Fourth Cavalry spanned the region several times with the assistance of the Twenty-fourth Infantry and his Tonkawa scouts. Quanah Parker extended hospitality to many influential people, both Native American and European American. [23], Quanah Parker did adopt some European-American ways, but he always wore his hair long and in braids. This would allow him to lead future operations with a greater prospect of success. A war party of around 250 warriors, composed mainly of Comanches and Cheyennes, who were impressed by Isatai'i's claim of protective medicine to protect them from their enemies' bullets, headed into Texas towards the trading post of Adobe Walls. [2] President Grant's Peace Policy became an important part of the white-Indian relations for a number of years. Quanah moved between several Comanche bands before joining the fierce Kwahadiparticularly bitter enemies of the hunters who had appropriated their best land on the Texas frontier and who were decimating the buffalo herds. In September 1872 Mackenzie attacked a Comanche camp at the edge of the Staked Plains. Nevertheless, Mackenzies 1872 expedition came as a severe blow to the Comanches. Sherman turned to Colonel Ranald Mackenzie, the battle-hardened leader of the 4th U.S. Cavalry based at Fort Richardson, Texas, to cripple the Comanches capacity to wage war. What white men had not been able to do when he was a feared war chief, pneumonia did in his seventh decade of life. Quanah was elected deputy sheriff of Lawton, Oklahoma in 1902, and nine years later, at the age of 66, Quanah died at his beloved Star House. With the situation looking increasingly grim for the Comanches, a medicine man named Isa-tai, who claimed to be the Great Spirit, claimed to possess magical powers that would make the Native Americans immune to the white mans bullets. Quanah Parker was never elected chief by his people but was appointed by the federal government as principal chief of the entire Comanche Nation. She had three children, the oldest of whom was Quanah. Cynthia Ann Parker had been missing from Quanahs life since December 1860, when a band of Texas rangers raided a Comanche hunting camp at Mule Creek, a tributary of the Pease River. The Quahadi were noted for their fierce nature; so much so that other Comanche feared them. [citation needed] The correspondence between Quanah Parker and Samuel Burk Burnett, Sr. (18491922) and his son Thomas Loyd Burnett (18711938), expressed mutual admiration and respect.

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