(Provisional data suggests that African-Americans lost close to three years of expected life in 2020, while the country as a whole lost one year. Variolation and vaccination had spread through the rural poor and the industrial working classes during that period, in part thanks to political and legal campaigns that led to mandatory vaccination programs. Looking at the mold under a microscope, Fleming saw that it was literally breaking down the cell walls of the bacteria, effectively destroying them. Apr. A hundred years ago, an impoverished resident of Bombay or Delhi would beat the odds simply by surviving into his or her late 20s. Nothing else in their diet or living conditions was altered other than drinking pasteurized milk. But in more recent decades, scientists have made considerable progress toward understanding the evolutionary origins of longevity and the biology of aging. These interventions turned out to be a lifesaver on an astonishing scale. This should not be a blog entry, but a published article from a news source such as Time Magazine, The New York Times, Newsweek, NPR, CNN, Fox News, etc. An earlier soil search in the United States had brought back an organism that would become the basis for streptomycin, now one of the most widely used antibiotics in the world. She was sitting by the window in an armchair that dwarfed her shrunken frame. Today 99 of them do. Among other changes, he recommended using the more comprehensive International Database on Longevity, which he and Vaupel developed with colleagues. We have some exciting news to share with you. The idea of an international body that could organize the activity of so many people over such a vast geography, and over so many separate jurisdictions, would have been unthinkable at the dawn of the 19th century. The closest was an American named Sarah Knauss, who died at age 119, two years after Calment. Lifespan Development Disorders: Definition and Perspectives Quoting an English doctor at a rally in 1907, Straus told an assembled mass of protesters, The reckless use of raw, unpasteurized milk is little short of a national crime. Strauss advocacy attracted the attention of President Theodore Roosevelt, who ordered an investigation into the health benefits of pasteurization.