Median Annual Salary: $79,650 Our American system of justice has evolved from the English common law into a complex series of procedures and decisions. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, pleasecontact an attorney in your area. When officers arrive on the scene, the second step involves filing a crime report, which includes logging information about the time, location, and details of the incident by speaking with witnesses and/or victims. However, research shows that law enforcement officers who obtain a college degree are more effective at their job. Offenders sentenced to less than 1 year generally go to jail; those sentenced to more than 1 year go to prison. Once an indictment or information has been filed with the trial court, the accused is scheduled for arraignment. For statistics on this subject, see --Criminal case processingFederal justiceAdjudication Leaders and regular members b. e. Image can be viewed almost immediately on the computer monitor., Each of the following is a type of digital receptor except one. Each year, the U.S. Supreme Court receives thousands of requests for case review but selects only a small fraction to hear. Parole and probation both involve supervision and specific rules/guidelines regarding travel limitations, curfews, and required drug tests. Sometimes, a suspect is apprehended at the scene; however, identification of a suspect sometimes requires an extensive investigation. Probation or parole come with supervision and other restrictions. At arrest, a decision is made either to send the matter further into the justice system or to divert the case out of the system, often to alternative programs. After obtaining a crime report, law enforcement can begin the process of investigation, arrest, and/or citation. Each law enforcement career has different requirements. It is comprised of government bureaus, private agencies, and overarching policies that all work together to maintain order in our communities. When considering the role of state police, people commonly think of highway patrolmen, but the purpose and goals of state law enforcement extend beyond pulling over speeding cars. Unlike federal and state law enforcement branches, which handle large jurisdiction areas, local law enforcement exists to operate within specific counties, cities, and communities. Trials close with the judge or jury deciding on a verdict. To ensure that discretion is exercised responsibly, government authority is often delegated to professionals. A police commissioner -- also called the chief of police -- stands at the top of the chain of command. Leaders, hard-core members, and family members c. Leaders, hard-core members, regular members, and fringe members d. Leaders and original members, Who is the most common victim of gang violence? Corrections officers supervise convicted offenders who are serving sentences in prison. In recent years other States have sought to limit the judges discretion in sentencing by passing mandatory sentencing laws that require prison sentences for certain offenses.